1 Quattrino - Sixtus IV SANTVS PETRV

Issuer Viterbo (Papal States)
Year 1471-1484
Type Standard circulation coin
Value 4 Deniers (1 Quattrino) (⅙)
Currency Groschen (1188-1534)
Composition Billon
Weight 0.87 g
Diameter 19 mm
Thickness
Shape Round (irregular)
Technique Hammered
Orientation Coin alignment ↑↓
Engraver(s)
In circulation to
Reference(s) Munt#64-65, Berman#481, MIR#481
Obverse description Papal coat of arms
Obverse script Latin
Obverse lettering ·SIXTVS· – ·PP·IIII·
(Translation: Sixtus 4th Pontiff of Pontiffs)
Reverse description Saint Peter standing Lion below
Reverse script Latin
Reverse lettering ·SANTVS**– *PETRV’·
Edge
Mint
Mintage ND (1471-1484) - -
Numisquare ID 1549683290
Additional information

Historical Context: This 1 Quattrino was issued under Sixtus IV (Francesco della Rovere), Pope from 1471-1484. A pivotal High Renaissance figure, Sixtus IV expanded papal temporal power and was a significant patron of the arts, famously commissioning the Sistine Chapel. This billon quattrino from Viterbo, a key city within the Papal States, reflects the consolidation of papal authority. Such low-denomination coinage was vital for daily commerce, underscoring the economic realities of a politically and culturally transformative period in Italy.

Artistry: The engraver of this modest quattrino remains anonymous, typical for base metal issues. Its design reflects the functional Early Renaissance numismatic style of the Papal States. While lacking intricate detail, the prominent legend "SANTVS PETRV" likely refers to Saint Peter, patron saint of Rome and the papacy, either as an invocation or accompanying a simplified bust. The aesthetic prioritizes legibility of the legend and issuer over elaborate artistic flourishes, characteristic of utilitarian coinage of the period.

Technical/Grading: Struck in billon, this 19mm quattrino weighs 0.87 grams. For grading, collectors seek examples with full, clear legends, especially "SANTVS PETRV," and well-defined elements like the papal tiara or keys, or any simplified saintly effigy. Due to the billon composition and era's minting techniques, these coins often exhibit minor planchet flaws, weak strikes, or slight off-centering. Corrosion is also common, making well-preserved examples with strong strikes and minimal wear highly desirable.

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