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1 Quattrino - Giovanni II Bentivoglio
| Issuer | Republic of Bologna (Italian States) |
|---|---|
| Year | 1446-1506 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Obverse description | Two crossed keys in saltire, the traditional heraldic emblem of Bologna, depicted in the central field within a beaded inner circle. The keys are rendered in a bold, stylized manner characteristic of late medieval Italian hammered coinage. The legend DE BONONIA surrounds the design, partially visible around the periphery. |
|---|---|
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| Obverse lettering | DE BONONIA |
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| Additional information |
Giovanni II Bentivoglio ruled Bologna not as a lord in any formal sense — he held no official title — but as a de facto signore operating through puppet gonfalonieri while maintaining the fiction of republican government. This arrangement suited both the Bentivoglio and a papacy too distracted by its own crises to intervene until Julius II finally expelled the family in 1506. The quattrino issued under his name occupies an unusual legal position as a result: struck in the name of a republic by a man who was neither its elected head nor its sovereign.