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1 Pound - Charles I Declaration Pound, Oxford mint
| Issuer | Crown of England |
|---|---|
| Year | 1642 |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Technique | Hammered |
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| Obverse description | Equestrian portrait of King Charles I facing right, depicted in full armour astride a prancing horse, the king holding an upraised sword in his right hand and a scarf or sash visible across his body. Scattered arms and military accoutrements lie beneath the horse's hooves. A crowned plume mintmark appears in the upper field to the right of the horse. The entire device is enclosed within a beaded inner circle, with the royal legend running continuously around the outer border between the beaded circle and the milled rim. |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Log in to see details |
| Obverse lettering | CAROLVS: D: G: MAG: BRIT: FRA: ET HIBER: REX (Translation: Charles by the Grace of God King of Great Britain France and Ireland) |
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| Additional information |
Oxford became the Royalist capital in late 1642 after Charles I withdrew from London, and the mint established there drew on emergency bullion — plate, collegiate silver, and donated goods — rather than regular crown stock. The "Declaration" pound takes its name from the motto struck on the coin referencing Charles's pledge to uphold the Protestant religion, Parliament, and the laws of England, a promise he hoped would shore up wavering support as civil war began in earnest.
At over 118 grams, these are among the largest silver coins produced by any English mint, and the Oxford dies are notoriously crude — the urgency of wartime production left little room for careful workmanship.