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1 Pfennig - Stephan III and his son Louis VII 1st type
| Issuer | Bavaria-Ingolstadt, Duchy of |
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| Year | 1402-1413 |
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| Currency | Pfennig |
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| Obverse description | Within a square incuse frame, a rampant panther facing left, depicted in the heraldic style of the Bavarian Wittelsbach dynasty. The panther is shown with characteristic spiky mane and open mouth, rendered in low relief typical of late medieval hammered bracteate-style pfennigs. The surrounding field is irregular due to the hand-cut flan. |
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| Reverse script | Latin (uncial) |
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| Additional information |
Bavaria-Ingolstadt was among the smaller of the Wittelsbach partition territories, carved out of the fragmented duchy in 1392. Stephan III spent much of his reign entangled in the conflicts surrounding the Bavarian succession disputes and the broader instability of the Holy Roman Empire under the contested kingship of the early fifteenth century. The joint attribution to Stephan and his son Louis VII reflects co-regency practice common to the partitioned Wittelsbach lands, where heirs were formally associated with rule to stabilize succession before a father's death.
The "1st type" designation in Witt#3387 implies at least one subsequent variant, likely distinguished by die differences in the bracteate or hohl pfennig fabric typical of south German minor silver of this period.