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1 Pfennig - Rupert III

Issuer Upper Palatinate
Year 1395-1407
Type Standard circulation coin
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Obverse description Central shield bearing the lozengy arms of Bavaria-Palatinate, flanked on the left by the Gothic letter 'R' and on the right by the letter 'S', the initials serving as abbreviated attribution to the issuing authority. The shield is rendered in a bold, somewhat crude hammered style typical of late 14th-century bracteate-influenced pfennigs. The design occupies nearly the entire flan, with the field otherwise plain.
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Edge Plain
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Additional information

Rupert III ruled the Upper Palatinate while simultaneously pressing his claim to the imperial throne, which he secured in 1400 when the Rhenish electors deposed Wenceslaus IV. These small silver pfennigs were struck throughout that politically turbulent transition, financing both the administration of the Palatinate and the considerable expense of maintaining an imperial court at Heidelberg. The Götz and Kull references place this type firmly within a documented sequence, though die combinations across the twelve-year span vary enough that individual specimens frequently resist precise dating within the issue period.