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1 Pfennig - Louis I
| Issuer | Hesse-Darmstadt |
|---|---|
| Year | 1819 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Obverse description | The obverse features the crowned Hessian lion passant within a crowned shield, centrally positioned in the field. A fine beaded border encircles the rim. The mintmaster's initials 'G.H.' and 'K.M.' appear divided to the left and right of the shield, rendered in Latin script. The overall design is simple and heraldic in character, consistent with early 19th-century German state coinage. |
|---|---|
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| Reverse description | The reverse displays the denomination numeral 'I' above the word 'PFENNIG' in large, bold capital letters occupying the central field, with the date '1819' below. Small cross or star ornaments flank the numeral and appear at the bottom of the field. A continuous beaded border runs along the rim, providing a neat peripheral frame to the plain typographic design. |
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| Additional information |
Hesse-Darmstadt's coinage was reorganized in the years following the Congress of Vienna, and Louis I — elevated from Landgrave to Grand Duke by Napoleon in 1806, a title the post-Napoleonic settlement chose not to revoke — needed a rationalized small-denomination series to match the restructured state. The 1819 pfennig issues came out of that administrative consolidation rather than any monetary crisis.