1 Pfennig - George V

Historical Context: This 1 Pfennig coin was issued under Count George V of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg between 1610 and 1615. During this tumultuous period leading up to the Thirty Years' War, the Holy Roman Empire was a patchwork of semi-autonomous states. Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg, a small county, maintained its sovereignty and economic stability by issuing its own coinage. These copper Pfennigs were crucial for local trade and daily transactions, reflecting the decentralized monetary system and the necessity for low-denomination currency in a fragmented economic landscape.

Artistry: The design of this diminutive copper coin, at just 13mm, is inherently utilitarian, typical of small-denomination issues from lesser German states. While no specific engraver is recorded, the stylistic execution aligns with the functional late-Renaissance aesthetic prevalent in regional mints. The obverse likely features a simplified rendition of Count George V’s monogram or a basic heraldic device, while the reverse would typically display the denomination or another armorial element, emphasizing legibility over elaborate artistic flourishes due to the coin's minute size and practical purpose.

Technical/Grading: Weighing a mere 0.23 grams, this copper Pfennig often exhibits variable strike quality, common for hand-struck coinage of the early 17th century. High-points susceptible to wear include the uppermost elements of any crown or monogram, and the raised contours of the heraldic shield. Planchet irregularities, such as uneven thickness or slight off-centering, are frequently observed. The overall technical execution prioritizes rapid production for circulation rather than numismatic precision, making well-centered, sharply struck examples particularly desirable.