Catalog
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| Issuer | Holy Roman Empire |
|---|---|
| Year | 1212-1250 |
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| Shape | Round (irregular) |
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| Reverse description | A stylized two-towered church or city gate facade is depicted in the central field, rendered in the schematic architectural style typical of 13th-century German civic coinage. A six-pointed star or starburst motif appears prominently between the two towers. The base of the structure rests on a platform or plinth, with architectural detailing suggesting arched windows or doorways. The design is enclosed within a plain or lightly beaded border, and the flan is irregular and wavy at the edges, consistent with hammered medieval technique. The reverse type is associated with the Imperial city of Hagenau (Haguenau) in Alsace. |
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| Mint | Hagenau (Haguenau) Mint |
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| Additional information |
Frederick II issued this pfennig from Hagenau — one of his favored Alsatian residences and a key Hohenstaufen administrative center — during a reign that saw near-constant conflict between imperial authority and the German princes. The Hagenau mint was among several imperial mints Frederick relied upon as he shifted his court between Sicily, Italy, and the German territories, rarely staying north of the Alps long enough to consolidate stable monetary administration.
The Nessel reference places it firmly within the bracteate-adjacent regional coinage of the upper Rhine valley.