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1 Peso Homeland and Freedom
| Issuer | Banco Nacional de Cuba |
|---|---|
| Year | 1988 |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Technique | Milled |
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| Obverse description | Log in to see details |
|---|---|
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| Reverse description | The reverse features a finely detailed bare-headed bust of José Martí in left-facing profile, rendered in high relief with closely cropped hair and a distinctive mustache. The field is framed by a continuous beaded border encircling the entire design. The legend 'PATRIA Y LIBERTAD' (Homeland and Freedom) arcs along the upper periphery in bold incuse lettering. Two small five-pointed stars and engraver's marks appear in the lower left field. The date '1988' is inscribed in the exergue below the bust. |
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| Reverse lettering | PATRIA Y LIBERTAD 1988 |
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| Additional information |
Issued as part of Cuba's extensive series of non-circulating legal tender coins marketed primarily to foreign collectors and the tourist economy, this piece generated hard currency for the Castro government during a period when the Soviet subsidy structure was beginning to show strain — roughly three years before the USSR's collapse would trigger the "Special Period" austerity crisis. The "Patria o Muerte" slogan had been state currency since the early 1960s, but its appearance on exportable collector coinage carried a particular irony: the coins were designed to leave the country.