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1 Peso
| Issuer | Katipunan Sa Kaluwasan Sang Ka-Anakan Sang Kapupud-An (KKKK) |
|---|---|
| Year | 1942 |
| Type | Log in to see details |
| Value | Log in to see details |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Shape | Rectangular |
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|---|---|
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| Reverse description | Salmon-pink note with a symmetrical border design incorporating the letter K in each corner cartouche and the words LOOSE CHANGE along all four margins. The central vignette shows crossed rifles or weapons over a sunburst device, with the denomination ONE PESO overprinted twice in dark ink above and below the central motif; the issuer's name KATIPUNAN SA KALUWASAN SANG KA-ANAKAN SANG KAPUPUD-AN is printed across the middle band. |
| Reverse lettering | LOOSE CHANGE K KATIPUNAN SA KALUWASAN SANG KA-ANAKAN SANG KAPUPUD-AN One Peso One Peso |
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| Comments |
The KKKK — Katipunan Sa Kaluwasan Sang Ka-Anakan Sang Kapupud-An — was a Japanese-sponsored Filipino guerrilla pacification organization operating in the Visayas during the occupation. Its currency issues were instruments of economic control as much as anything else, intended to circulate within territories under Japanese-aligned authority while the official Philippine Executive Commission notes and Japanese military pesos competed for acceptance in the same markets.
Emergency and occupation-period Philippine issues from 1942 are notoriously difficult to authenticate; paper quality and printing consistency varied sharply depending on what materials were available locally. The S462 designation places this within the Philippine guerrilla and occupation issues section, though "guerrilla" here is a loose term — the KKKK operated on the collaborationist side of that line.