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1 Peseta Úbeda
| Issuer | Ayuntamiento de Úbeda (Municipality of Úbeda) |
|---|---|
| Year | 1937 |
| Type | Log in to see details |
| Value | Log in to see details |
| Currency | Log in to see details |
| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| In circulation to | Log in to see details |
| Reference(s) | Gari Mon#– |
| Obverse description | Plain paper ground with black letterpress text arranged in a simple layout. The municipal authority, denomination, place of issue, and date of March 1, 1937 are set out in several lines of block lettering within a geometric border frame. A cautionary note at the foot states that the note is invalid if folded. |
|---|---|
| Obverse lettering | Log in to see details |
| Reverse description | The entire field is covered by a dense rose-pink letterpress underprint of repeating floral and arabesque vignettes arranged in a regular grid, with corner medallions of scrollwork and foliate ornament forming a decorative border. The face value "UNA PESETA" is printed in large bold capitals at centre, overlaid by a circular blue ink validation stamp of the issuing municipality. |
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| Comments |
Úbeda is a small Andalusian town that found itself behind Republican lines during the Civil War, and like hundreds of Spanish municipalities in 1936–37, it was forced to print its own fractional currency when the national coinage supply collapsed entirely. The Banco de España had suspended normal distribution, silver and copper had vanished from circulation through hoarding and wartime disruption, and local commerce simply ground to a halt without small change. Municipal emergency notes — known collectively as "billetes de necesidad" — became the only practical solution.
The official stamp is the sole security element, which was typical of these improvised municipal issues and also why so many were counterfeited locally within weeks of release.