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1 Perper = ½ Münzperper (50 Para / Heller / Helera)
| Issuer | K.u.K. Militärverwaltung in Montenegro |
|---|---|
| Year | 1917 |
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| In circulation to | 1918 |
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| Obverse description | Green and black typeset note with a bold guilloche border framing the entire face. The central text block, printed in German, carries the title ANWEISUNG auf EINEN PERPER and references the Austrian State Treasury notes of 1914 and 1915, stating the equivalent value as FÜNFZIG PARA IN MÜNZEN oder FÜNFZIG HELLER. The numeral 1 appears in each corner within a green ornamental frame, and the serial number is positioned at upper right; at the foot of the note the issuing authority K.u.K. MILITÄRVERWALTUNG IN MONTENEGRO and the date Cetinje, am 5. Juli 1917 are printed, with a facsimile signature of the K.u.K. Militär-Gouverneur. |
|---|---|
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| Reverse lettering | UPUTNICA NA JEDAN PERPER PEDESET ZVEČEĆIH PARA ILI PEDESET HELERA Cetinje, 5. jula 1917. C. T kr. voj. generalnim guverner: VALIA PERMI NJI PERPER PESHDET PARE T'PREEME A SE PESHDET HELERA Cetinje, 5. Julli 1917. P. e. M. gäneral guverneri i ushtrise: |
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| Comments |
The K.u.K. Militärverwaltung in Montenegro issued this fractional note during the Austro-Hungarian military occupation that followed Montenegro's capitulation in January 1916 — one of the swiftest collapses of any Allied state during the war. The trilingual denomination (Para, Heller, Helera) reflects the administrative awkwardness of imposing Habsburg monetary infrastructure on a country that had run its own perper-based system since 1906.
The half-perper valuation was a practical concession: occupying authorities needed small-denomination scrip to function in a largely rural, cash-poor economy. Similar emergency issues were produced simultaneously for Serbia and other occupied Balkan territories under broadly parallel administrative arrangements.
Printed in Austria, likely Vienna, though the precise facility is not definitively documented in the standard references.