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1 Penny - Sihtric Anlafsson Long cross, CVNVNC
| Issuer | Dublin, Hiberno-Norse Kingdom of |
|---|---|
| Year | 1000-1010 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Reverse description | A bold long voided cross divides the reverse field into four quarters, extending to the beaded inner circle in direct imitation of the English Long Cross type introduced under Æthelred II. A small pellet occupies the centre of the cross. Each arm terminates in triple crescent or wedge-shaped ornaments, a characteristic feature of the Hiberno-Norse adaptation of this design. The moneyer's name is distributed one or two letters per quarter within the angles of the cross, arranged between the beaded inner circle and the outer legend around the flan's periphery. The overall composition closely follows the English prototype while exhibiting the slightly irregular execution typical of the Dublin mint. |
| Reverse script | Latin |
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| Additional information |
Sihtric Anlafsson — better known as Sihtric III Silkbeard — ruled Dublin for an extraordinary stretch spanning roughly 989 to 1036, interrupted by at least one exile. This penny belongs to his Long Cross coinage, a type directly imitating Æthelred II's English Long Cross issue of 997, which Dublin mint-masters copied with enough fidelity that the two can be confused at a glance. The imitation was deliberate policy: Dublin's commercial links with Chester and Bristol made interoperability with English coin weights and types an economic necessity.
The moneyer signature CVNVNC is a Hiberno-Norse rendering of the Irish name Conghalach — one of the earliest attestations of a native Irish name in any mint record.