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1 Para - Mahmud II

Issuer Tripoli, Regency of
Year 1808
Type Standard circulation coin
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Obverse lettering سلطان محمود خان ١٢٢٣
(Translation: Sultan Mahmud Khan 1223)
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Reverse script Arabic
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Additional information

Tripoli's regency coinage under Mahmud II occupied an awkward political space: the Karamanli dynasty still governed the province with considerable autonomy, yet Ottoman suzerainty required nominal acknowledgment on the coinage. By 1808, the Karamanlis were only a decade removed from their war with the United States — the First Barbary War — which had badly strained the regency's finances and its leverage over tribute arrangements. Small copper issues like this one circulated at the lowest transactional level, where Ottoman silver rarely reached.

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