Catalog
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| Issuer | Bologna (Papal States) |
|---|---|
| Year | 1662-1665 |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Technique | Hammered |
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| Obverse description | Papal coat of arms of Alexander VII, featuring a quartered shield surmounted by the papal tiara and crossed keys of Saint Peter. The heraldic device occupies the central field, with the papal insignia rendered in the characteristic style of mid-17th century Italian hammered coinage. The encircling legend reads the pope's name and title in Latin. |
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| Mintage | 1662 - - 1663 - - 1664 - - 1665 - - |
| Additional information |
Alexander VII — born Fabio Chigi — spent much of his papacy navigating the humiliation of the 1664 French occupation of the Papal enclave at Avignon, a crisis that forced a formal papal apology to Louis XIV under the Treaty of Pisa. Bologna, as a Legation rather than directly administered papal territory, maintained its own mint with a degree of autonomy that occasionally produced coinage diverging in style from Rome's output. The CNI X attribution places this firmly within a well-documented but short emission window tied to the final years of Alexander's reign.