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1 Groat - Edward III 4th issue, Pre-treaty period, series E
| Issuer | Royal Mint of England |
|---|---|
| Year | 1351-1361 |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Diameter | Log in to see details |
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| Shape | Round (irregular) |
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| Obverse description | Crowned facing effigy of King Edward III, depicted full-face within a tressure of arches, wearing a elaborate crown with fleurs and a decorative necklace, the royal visage rendered in the bold, stylized manner characteristic of mid-14th century English hammered coinage. The king's flowing hair falls to either side of the face, resting upon the shoulders, with the bust truncated at the base. The effigy is enclosed within a beaded inner circle, beyond which runs the royal legend in uncial Gothic lettering, separated by pellet stops, all contained within a beaded outer border. |
|---|---|
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| Reverse script | Latin (uncial) |
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| Additional information |
The 4th coinage of Edward III introduced the groat into sustained English production — earlier attempts under Edward I and Edward II had largely failed to gain traction. Series E falls within the Pre-treaty period, before the 1361 monetary adjustments that followed the catastrophic disruptions of the Black Death, which killed perhaps a third of England's population and severely contracted the money supply. Mint output dropped sharply through the early 1350s simply from lack of bullion and a collapsed labor force.
North 1163 is distinguished from adjacent series by its specific annulet and saltire punctuation — details that place it precisely within the sequence without ambiguity.