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1 Follaro - Ruggero II

Issuer Sicily, Kingdom of
Year 1130-1154
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Currency Tari (1060-1754)
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Reverse script Arabic
Reverse lettering بسم الله
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Additional information

Ruggero II's bronze follaro issues sit at one of the more unusual intersections in medieval monetary history: a Norman king ruling a predominantly Arabic-speaking and Greek Orthodox population, producing coinage that openly borrowed from Fatimid and Byzantine traditions to project legitimacy across all three communities simultaneously. The Palermo mint under his reign was among the most culturally syncretic in the Mediterranean world.

Spahr's classification of these small bronzes remains the standard reference, though die linkage studies have complicated clean attribution within the type groupings he established.

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