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1 Ducat - Friedrich Casimir Kettler Mitau
| Issuer | Courland and Semigallia, Duchy of |
|---|---|
| Year | 1689 |
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| Orientation | Variable alignment ↺ |
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| Reverse description | Displayed eagle with spread wings occupying the central field, bearing on its breast a four-sectioned heraldic shield with the arms of Courland. The date 1689 is divided by the eagle's wings, with '16' to the left and '89' to the right. A circular Latin legend reading MONETA NOVA AVREA surrounds the design, enclosed within a beaded border. |
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| Mintage | 1689 - (16)89 |
| Additional information |
Friedrich Casimir Kettler ruled Courland from 1682 until his death in 1698, presiding over what was arguably the duchy's last period of genuine independence before increasing Polish-Lithuanian and Russian pressure rendered the office largely ceremonial. His ducats were struck at Mitau — the Courland capital, now Jelgava in Latvia — and reflect the duchy's determined effort to maintain the trappings of sovereign monetary authority at a moment when that sovereignty was already being quietly eroded. The 1689 date falls squarely within his reign's middle years, a period of relative fiscal stability compared to what his successors would face.