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1 Dollar Sanford Bank - Maine

Issuer Sanford Bank
Year 1860
Type Local banknote
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Obverse description The upper portion of the note is dominated by a central vignette of two men with cattle, flanked by the Arabic numeral 1 in the upper left and upper right corners as denomination indicators. A secondary vignette at lower right presents a steam locomotive, while the lower left carries a standing male and female figure. The bank title, state authority, and promise-to-pay text are rendered in letterpress across the face, with the printer's imprint of Toppan, Carpenter, Casilear & Co. along the lower margin.
Obverse lettering STATE OF MAINE
THE PRESIDENT, DIRECTORS & CO OF
The Sanford Bank
Will pay ONE DOLLAR on demand
to the bearer. Sanford ______ 18__
________Cashʳ. _________ Presᵗ.
Toppan, Carpenter, Casilear & Co. New York & Phila
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Comments

Sanford, Maine was a textile mill town, and local bank notes like this one circulated primarily among mill workers and the merchants who depended on their wages. Toppan, Carpenter, Casilear & Co. was one of the dominant American security printers of the mid-nineteenth century, eventually absorbed into the American Bank Note Company in 1858 — meaning this note was almost certainly produced under the ABNCo umbrella despite retaining the older firm credit in the plate.

Maine's free banking era produced hundreds of small-town institutions with thin capitalization, and the Sanford Bank was no exception. Notes from minor Maine issuers were routinely discounted by Boston exchange brokers, sometimes by two to three cents on the dollar, depending on the bank's reputation that week.

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