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1 Dirham - Khutlugh Oga Shayarkand
| Issuer | United Qarakhanid Khaganate |
|---|---|
| Year | 1013 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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|---|---|
| Obverse script | Arabic |
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| Reverse description | The reverse field is filled with multiple horizontal registers of Arabic Kufic legend within the central area, naming the Qarakhanid ruler Khutlugh Oga (خاتلوغ أغا) and bearing his title Qarakhan, along with religious formulae. The marginal legend encircling the field carries the Quranic verse from Sura At-Tawba (9:33), affirming the divine mission of the Prophet Muhammad, written continuously around the coin's perimeter. The flan is slightly irregular, consistent with hand-hammered production, and a beaded or linear border delineates the inner field from the outer marginal inscription. The bold Kufic script is deeply struck, typical of early 5th century AH Qarakhanid dirham coinage. |
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| Reverse lettering | لله محمد رسول الله الامير خاتلوغ أغا قراخان محمد رسول الله ارسله بالهدى ودين الحق ليظهره على الدين كله ولو كره المشركون |
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