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1 Daalder "Leeuwendaalder" Vasconcellos Countermark
| Issuer | Order of Malta (Knights Hospitaller) |
|---|---|
| Year | 1622-1623 |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Diameter | 40 mm |
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| Obverse description | Log in to see details |
|---|---|
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| Obverse lettering | MO + ARG + PRO + CONFOE + BELG FRI |
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| Edge | Plain |
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| Additional information |
The Vasconcellos countermark was applied under Grand Master Antoine de Paule's administration to circulating Dutch leeuwendaalders — Dutch Republican coinage that flooded the Mediterranean trade routes throughout the early seventeenth century. The Order lacked the mint capacity to supply its own silver in quantity, so countermarking foreign coin was a practical solution to assert monetary authority over circulation on Malta.
The leeuwendaalder itself was already a debased trade coin by this point, struck at .750 fine rather than the .875 of earlier Netherlandish silver, widely distrusted but universally accepted across Levantine markets.