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1 Cash - Heshun Kongsi republics

Issuer Heshun Kongsi (Kongsi Federation)
Year 1776-1854
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Value 1 Cash
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Obverse description Central square perforation pierces the field, surrounded by four Chinese characters in regular script (kaishu), arranged in the traditional reading order: top to bottom, right to left. The four ideograms read 和順公司 (Heshun Gongsi, meaning 'Heshun Company'), with one character positioned at each cardinal point relative to the central hole. The legend is rendered in raised relief against a flat, unadorned field, with no outer border decoration. The coin's surface shows the characteristic rough texture of a cast tin flan typical of Southeast Asian cash coinage of the period.
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Reverse description Central square perforation divides the field into two halves, each bearing a single corrupted Manchu script character in raised relief, reading vertically in imitation of contemporary Qing dynasty cash coinage. The Manchu legend, likely modeled on the Boo-Gui (Board of Revenue, Guizhou) mint mark of Qing imperial coinage, is rendered in a debased or stylized form reflecting the engraver's imperfect familiarity with the Manchu script. The field is plain and unadorned, with no rim beading or additional decorative elements. The overall design closely follows the format of Qing cash coins but with markedly cruder execution consistent with locally cast tin coinage.
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