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1 Bolognino - Enrico VI

Issuer Republic of Bologna
Year 1191-1337
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Value 1 Bolognino (1⁄80)
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Reverse description Central field displays a bold Latin cross with ornate volute terminals at the lower arms, enclosed within a plain inner circle. The four quadrants formed by the cross each contain a pellet or small circular ornament. The surrounding outer border carries the Latin legend referencing Bologna (BONONIA) in Gothic majuscule letters, distributed around the irregular flan in the characteristic style of medieval Italian communal coinage.
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Reverse lettering A BO oNO oNI
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Additional information

Bologna began striking its own silver coinage following the city's assertion of communal independence, and the bolognino became so widely trusted across northern Italy that it served as a model for imitations struck by surrounding cities and lords throughout the thirteenth century. The type's longevity — over a century of essentially unchanged production — reflects deliberate monetary conservatism, not administrative inertia. Merchants needed a coin they could recognize instantly across markets from Ferrara to Florence.

The attribution to Enrico VI is a numismatic convention rather than a precise historical claim; the type name references imperial authority acknowledged in the coin's legend, not active Hohenstaufen involvement in Bolognese minting.

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