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1/8 Bazaruco - João III Ceilão mint

Issuer Portuguese India
Year 1522-1557
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Technique Hammered
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Reverse description A plain cross pattée fills the central field, mirroring the obverse design, with broad arms extending toward the irregular periphery of the flan. The reverse is similarly devoid of any legend, inscription, or additional device, reflecting the minimal design conventions applied to the smallest denomination copper issues of Portuguese India. The strike is characteristic of hammered production, resulting in an uneven flan with slight distortion at the edges.
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Edge Plain
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Additional information

The bazaruco was a low-denomination currency introduced by the Portuguese specifically for circulation in their Asian territories, calibrated to compete with the small copper coinages already embedded in local trade networks. Ceylon's mint operated under conditions that made die consistency difficult to enforce, and the fractional bazaruco denominations from this period are notoriously irregular in fabric — planchet splitting and off-center strikes are the rule rather than the exception. João III never visited his Eastern territories; monetary policy there was administered entirely through the Estado da India apparatus in Goa.

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