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1/4 Real - Carlos IV bust of Carlos III, CAROL IV

Issuer Casa de Moneda de Chile
Year 1790-1791
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Shape Round
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Obverse description Bare-headed, draped bust of Carlos IV facing right, rendered in the style inherited from the portrait of Carlos III, occupying the central field. The bust is shown with a short queue and a lace jabot at the truncation. The circumferential legend reads • S • CAROL • IV • D • G • HISP • RX •, with the mint mark (So) incorporated at the lower left of the bust. The date 1790 appears in the lower field beneath the bust. A beaded border frames the design.
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Reverse description The reverse displays a quartered shield at the centre, bearing alternating castles (for Castile) and rampant lions (for León) in the four quarters, with a small oval escutcheon at the fess point. An ornate floral or foliate scroll device surmounts the shield. The entire central composition is encircled by a decorative wreath of olive or laurel branches interspersed with berries, all contained within a beaded border. No legend appears on the reverse, the design relying entirely on the heraldic motifs traditional to Spanish colonial coinage of the period.
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Additional information

Chile's 1/4 real of 1790–91 belongs to the transitional moment when Carlos IV had taken the Spanish throne but minting establishments across the Americas had not yet received — or had not yet acted on — new royal portraiture. The result was a coin struck in Carlos IV's name carrying the bust prepared for his father. This was not unusual; the lag between a monarch's accession and the circulation of updated dies through the colonial minting network routinely ran one to two years.

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