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1/2 Penny Wicklow /Cronebane, Mule
| Issuer | Associated Irish Mine Company |
|---|---|
| Year | 1789-1793 |
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| Composition | Copper |
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|---|---|
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| Reverse description | Seated figure of Hibernia facing right, draped in classical robes, resting against a winged Irish harp with decorated forepillar; her right arm is raised with one finger pointing upward, conveying an oratorical gesture symbolic of Irish liberty. The figure is set on a grassy exergual ground line, with a small decorative motif below in the exergue. The legend HIBERNIA arcs around the upper field. A beaded border surrounds the entire design. |
| Reverse script | Latin |
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| Additional information |
The Associated Irish Mine Company operated the Cronebane copper mine in County Wicklow, one of the most productive in eighteenth-century Ireland. Like many industrial enterprises of the period, the company issued its own token coinage to pay workers when small-change shortages made official coin effectively useless in remote mining districts. A mule — produced by pairing dies not originally intended for each other — suggests either deliberate improvisation at the die-cutting stage or opportunistic reuse when a working die was damaged or unavailable.
Cronebane tokens are documented across multiple die marriages, and DH#68a specifically denotes the mule pairing within Dalton and Hamer's classification.