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1/2 Penny - Confederate Catholic Kilkenny issue
| Issuer | Confederate Catholics of Ireland |
|---|---|
| Year | 1642-1643 |
| Type | Log in to see details |
| Value | 1/2 Penny (1⁄480) |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
| Weight | Log in to see details |
| Diameter | Log in to see details |
| Thickness | Log in to see details |
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| Obverse description | Log in to see details |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Log in to see details |
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| Reverse description | Log in to see details |
| Reverse script | Log in to see details |
| Reverse lettering | FRA · ET · HIB · REX (Translation: ...King of France and Ireland) |
| Edge | Log in to see details |
| Mint | Kilkenny Mint |
| Mintage | Log in to see details |
| Additional information |
The Confederate Catholics of Ireland established their own government at Kilkenny in 1642, functioning as a parallel Catholic administration during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms. Coin production was a direct assertion of governing authority — the Confederation needed to pay troops and sustain a civil administration that Westminster and Dublin Castle refused to recognize. Copper small change was the most practical expression of that claim.
These pieces were struck under emergency conditions with inconsistent dies, and planchet quality varies considerably across the type. The Confederation's government at Kilkenny collapsed by 1652 following Cromwellian conquest.