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1/2 Groschen - Alexander II Type I

Issuer Moldavia
Year 1449-1455
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Value 1/2 Groschen
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Obverse description Central device consisting of a heraldic shield bearing a crown with three arches and three orbs at its base, rendered in the Gothic style characteristic of Moldavian medieval coinage. A four-petalled rosette or quatrefoil flower ornament appears above the shield in the upper field, and a second identical rosette is positioned below the shield in the lower field. The shield itself is of a pointed, late-medieval form with slightly splayed sides. No legend is present on this face. The overall design is executed in the crude but vigorous hammered style typical of mid-fifteenth century Moldavian issues.
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Mintage ND (1449-1455)
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Alexander II of Moldavia ruled during one of the principality's most fractious periods, his reign repeatedly interrupted by rival claimants backed by competing Ottoman and Polish interests. The Type I designation distinguishes this emission from later issues of his reign, reflecting shifts in the mint's output as political control of Moldavia itself fluctuated. At 0.60 g, these were struck to a standard already degraded from the heavier groschen issues of Stephen I, a debasement trend common across mid-15th century Danubian mints under Ottoman pressure.

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