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1/2 Cruzado/12 Vinténs - Pedro II Lisbon mint
| Issuer | Casa da Moeda de Lisboa |
|---|---|
| Year | 1688-1706 |
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| Currency | Real (1517-1835) |
| Composition | Log in to see details |
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|---|---|
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| Reverse description | The reverse displays a large Cross of the Order of Christ occupying the central field, its characteristic splayed and pointed arms each adorned with a quatrefoil flower in the angles between them. The cross is rendered in high relief against a plain field. The full circular Latin legend *.IN*HOC*SIGNO*VINCES. — the Constantinian motto 'In this sign thou shalt conquer' — surrounds the cross, separated by small star ornaments. The milled rope-pattern edge frames the design. |
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| Mintage | ? - - ? - - 1688 - - 1689 - - 1690 - - 1691 - - 1692 - - 1693 - - 1696 - - 1697 - - 1701 - - 1703 - - 1704 - - 1705 - - 1706 - - |
| Additional information |
Pedro II inherited the Portuguese throne in 1683 after his brother Afonso VI was deposed and imprisoned — a dynastic crisis that left the kingdom's monetary administration in disarray. The dual denomination of this issue, simultaneously a half Cruzado and 12 Vinténs, reflects the chronic accounting confusion of late 17th-century Portuguese currency, where medieval reckoning in Vinténs persisted alongside the Cruzado system for practical commercial use. The Lisbon mint was the dominant striking facility during this reign, and the spread of Gomes references across five catalogue numbers for this single type points to meaningful die variation across the eighteen-year production window.