Catalog
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| Issuer | Portuguese India |
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| Year | 1686-1700 |
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| Value | Log in to see details |
| Currency | Xerafim (1580-1706) |
| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Diameter | Log in to see details |
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| Obverse description | Central field displays the Portuguese royal arms surmounted by a crown, rendered in crude hammered style typical of colonial Indian coinage. The shield, bearing the customary Portuguese quintas arrangement, is set within a rectangular frame with horizontal bars above, representing a simplified rendition of the royal escutcheon. The devices are boldly if roughly struck, consistent with the artisanal production standards of the Diu Mint in the late seventeenth century. The coin's roughly squared flan exhibits the irregular edges characteristic of hammered Portuguese Indian issues of this period. |
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| Obverse lettering | Log in to see details |
| Reverse description | The reverse displays a plain cross dividing the field into four quadrants, with the date numeral split across the quarters in the typical Portuguese Indian fashion: the digits arranged as '1', '6', '8', '9' reading clockwise from the upper left. The cross is boldly struck and extends to the coin's edge, a design convention common to Portuguese colonial copper coinage of the late seventeenth century. The flan is irregular and the strike is characteristic of hand-hammered production at the Diu Mint. |
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| Reverse lettering | 1 6 8 9 |
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