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1 000 000 Mark
| Issuer | Stadt Werden an der Ruhr (City of Werden on the Ruhr) |
|---|---|
| Year | 1923 |
| Type | Log in to see details |
| Value | Log in to see details |
| Currency | Mark (1914-1924) |
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| Obverse description | Expressionist woodcut-style design in olive-green and teal, with a row of stylized triangular peaks across the upper register bearing the word NOTGELD. A central circular municipal seal is flanked by the denomination numeral 1.000.000 on each side. The lower panel carries the large letterpress inscription EINE MILLION MARK above the issuing authority text, date, and a facsimile signature. |
|---|---|
| Obverse lettering | Log in to see details |
| Reverse description | Expressionist woodcut vignette in olive-green and teal presenting a detailed view of the former Benedictine Abbey of Werden, converted into a penitentiary, set within a ruled rectangular frame. Denomination numerals 1.000.000 MARK appear vertically on both lateral margins. The printer's imprint 'Holub Essen' appears in small type at the base of the central vignette. |
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| Comments |
Werden an der Ruhr was a small independent municipality — it wasn't absorbed into Essen until 1929 — which gives this note its slightly anomalous character: a town of modest size issuing million-mark emergency currency under its own civic authority. This was standard Notgeld practice during the hyperinflation peak of 1923, when the Reichsbank's output simply could not keep pace with the collapsing purchasing power of the mark, and hundreds of German municipalities, firms, and institutions printed their own stop-gap issues.
Holub of Essen handled a considerable volume of regional Notgeld work during this period, printing for multiple Ruhr-area issuers within the same tight window of months.