Catalog
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| Issuer | Hell Bank (冥通銀行) |
|---|---|
| Year | |
| Type | Vouchers |
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| Obverse description | Central oval vignette with a bust portrait of U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson, framed by floral guilloche rosettes on either side bearing the denomination in Chinese characters. Green underprint with red overprint throughout. The issuer name in Chinese runs across the top banner, with the subject's name in both Chinese and Latin script at the base. |
|---|---|
| Obverse lettering | Log in to see details |
| Reverse description | Right-side vignette of a multi-tiered Chinese pagoda with ornate balustrades and staircases, rendered in fine line engraving. A large lobed guilloche rosette to the left bears the numeral denomination. The note is printed in blue-violet on cream paper with a lace-pattern border frame. |
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| Comments |
Hell Bank Notes are votive offerings burned in Chinese funerary rites so that the deceased may have spending money in the afterlife — a practice rooted in Tang Dynasty paper-burning traditions adapted over centuries into the mass-produced novelty items sold today at temple shops and funeral supply stores. The issuing authority printed on these notes, 冥通銀行 (roughly "Underworld Communication Bank"), is a modern commercial invention with no historical institutional continuity.
The "Johnson" designation in the catalog name reflects a common Western trade labeling, not any official series designation.