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1 000 000 000 Mark Steinkohlenbergwerk Gewerkschaft Neumühl
| Issuer | Steinkohlenbergwerk Gewerkschaft Neumühl, Hamborn |
|---|---|
| Year | 1923 |
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| Composition | Paper |
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| Obverse description | Log in to see details |
|---|---|
| Obverse lettering | Gutschein über Eine Milliarde WIR ZAHLEN AN UNSERER HAUPTKASSE IN HAMBORN GEGEN DIESEN GUTSCHEIN EINE MILLIARDE MARK in bisheriger Währung Der Schein verliert seine Gültigkeit 14 Tage nach Aufkündigung durch die Ortszeitungen Hamborn-Neumühl, den 1. Oktober 1923. Steinkohlenbergwerk Gewerkschaft Neumühl, Hamborn a. Rh. Die Verwaltung: 1 Milliarde (Nur gültig mit Trockenstempel) Reihe Aa Nr. |
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| Protection type | Dry stamp |
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| Comments |
Neumühl was a colliery in Hamborn, in the heart of the Ruhr industrial belt — the same region that France and Belgium occupied in January 1923 after Germany defaulted on reparations coal deliveries. The occupation severed payroll logistics across the Ruhr, and hundreds of mines, steelworks, and industrial firms were forced to issue their own emergency notes to pay workers when Reichsbank currency either couldn't reach them or was depreciating faster than it could be distributed. This billion-Mark note is a direct product of that crisis.
The dry stamp authentication was the issuer's primary defense against forgery — printing infrastructure in occupied industrial zones was chaotic enough that elaborate security printing was rarely feasible.