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1 000 000 000 Mark
| Issuer | Kreisgemeinde Pfalz (District of Palatinate) |
|---|---|
| Year | 1923 |
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| Value | Log in to see details |
| Currency | Mark (1914-1924) |
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| Obverse description | Firm beige paper with light brown letterpress printing; a rectangular frame encloses the text body, with a vertical red panel at left bearing the serial number in red (6 digits, with asterisk to the right). The border and text are rendered in brown and green tones. |
|---|---|
| Obverse lettering | Umlauffähig im ganzen Regierungsbezirk Pfalz. Gültig bis zum 1. April 1924 Notgeldschein der Kreisgemeinde Pfalz Für diesen Notgeldschein hastet das gesamte Vermögen der Kreisgemeinde der Pfalz, wird von sämtlichen Kassen der Reichsbank in Zahlung genommen. Dieser Notschein wird ungültig, wenn nicht innerhalb eines Monates nach erfolgter Bekanntmachung bei den verlautbarten Einzugsstellen eingelöst wird. EINE MILLIARDE MARK SPEYER den 1. Oktober 1923 KREISGEMEINDE PFALZ |
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| Comments |
The Kreisgemeinde Pfalz issued this billion-mark note during the absolute peak of Weimar hyperinflation in late 1923, when the Reichsbank's printing apparatus had so thoroughly failed to supply sufficient emergency currency that regional districts, municipalities, and private firms were legally permitted — briefly — to issue their own notgeld. The Palatinate was under French military occupation at the time, a complication that added jurisdictional friction to an already chaotic monetary situation.
Printing in Speyer, the administrative seat of the district, rather than through a major commercial printer reflects the logistical reality of the period: supply chains for printed currency had effectively collapsed. The watermarked paper at least gestures toward anti-counterfeiting discipline, which in a billion-mark emergency note is a small but telling bureaucratic instinct.