Pfennig - Bernard II Lord of Carniola

Bernard II ruled Carniola as a ministerial lord under the Dukes of Carinthia during a period when the Spanheim dynasty's grip on the region was loosening — his pfennig issues reflect the fragmented minting authority characteristic of the March of Carniola before it passed definitively to Habsburg control in the late 13th century. The CNA Cr14 classification places this squarely within the bracteate-adjacent thin-flan pfennig tradition of the eastern Alpine mints, where die workmanship varied considerably between production runs.