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Drachm Jouan-jouan imitation

Issuer Kushan Empire
Year 195-230
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Diameter 20 mm
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Obverse description Crude imitative rendering of a standing royal figure occupying the central field, executed in a strongly barbarous style characteristic of Jouan-jouan workshop imitations. The figure is flanked on the left by a dotted border of pellets arranged in a vertical column, with additional pellets visible along the lower periphery. Schematic pseudo-Kharosthi or degenerate Bactrian script characters are scattered across the field to the right and upper register, reduced to unintelligible strokes by the imitating die-cutter. The overall composition faithfully mimics the general layout of Kushan prototype drachms but displays marked degradation of the original design elements, consistent with a contemporary imitation struck in base copper.
Obverse script Pseudo-Kharosthi (degenerate imitation)
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Reverse description Central field occupied by a schematically rendered deity or standing figure, depicted in a highly stylised and degenerate manner reflecting the hand of an unskilled imitating engraver. The figure displays broad, angular strokes suggesting an attempt to replicate a Kushan reverse type, possibly the fire altar or a standing divinity, though the rendering is too degraded for secure identification. A partial dotted border of pellets runs along the lower and right periphery, echoing the ornamentation of genuine Kushan drachms. Pseudo-legendary characters appear to the left and upper field, reduced to meaningless linear strokes. The flan is irregular and the strike slightly off-centre, consistent with barbarous hammered production.
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