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Dinero - Alfonso X 1st Granada war
| Issuer | Kingdom of Castile and Leon |
|---|---|
| Year | 1264-1268 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Obverse description | Central field bearing the royal legend in four lines, reading ALFONSVS REX CASTELLE ET LEGIONIS, arranged horizontally across the flan within a plain border. The inscription is rendered in Gothic-influenced Latin lettering characteristic of mid-13th century Castilian billon coinage. A cross motif divides or punctuates the central legend field. The die work is typical of the emergency wartime issues struck during the First Granada War, with somewhat rough, irregular striking consistent with the urgency of military financing. |
|---|---|
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| Reverse description | Central field displaying a crenellated castle, the heraldic symbol of Castile, depicted in a stylised, blocky manner typical of Alfonsine billon coinage. Below the castle, a rampant lion passant to the left, representing the Kingdom of León, occupies the lower half of the field. The two charges are separated by a horizontal row of pellets forming a dividing line across the flan. The overall composition reflects the combined arms of the united Crown of Castile and León, rendered in the crude but heraldically recognisable style of hammered 13th-century emergency coinage. |
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| Additional information |
Alfonso X launched his first Granada campaign in 1264 following the Mudéjar revolt, a coordinated uprising backed by Muhammad I of Granada that simultaneously ignited rebellions across Jerez, Murcia, and the Guadalquivir valley. The Crown's finances were stretched hard by simultaneous military commitments, and billon coinage of this type was struck specifically to fund the campaign — part of Alfonso's broader and frequently chaotic monetary program that would plague his reign for decades.
AB#244 is among the more tightly dateable issues in the Alfonsine series, anchored to the four-year conflict rather than the longer conventional regnal ranges assigned to his other dineros.