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Denier - Charlemagne Venasque
| Issuer | Unified Carolingian Empire |
|---|---|
| Year | 771-793 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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|---|---|
| Obverse script | Latin |
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| Reverse description | A bold, plain cross occupies the center of the field, its arms extending toward the border and dividing the flan into four quarters. The letters of the mint name VINSCO CI, an abbreviated form of Venasque (Civitas Vinascensis), are distributed within the four quadrants of the cross in characteristic Carolingian hammered style. A beaded border encircles the design. The overall composition follows the standard early Carolingian reverse type, with the cross serving both as a religious symbol and a structural device for the placement of the mint legend. |
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| Additional information |
Venasque — now a quiet village in the Vaucluse — held sufficient ecclesiastical weight in the Carolingian period to operate its own mint, a privilege tied to its status as a bishop's seat predating the region's full Frankish integration. This denier belongs to the earliest phase of Charlemagne's monetary reform program, before the 793–794 reforms at Frankfurt standardized the silver content and weight across the empire. The Prou gap is telling: even the most comprehensive cataloguers of Carolingian coinage couldn't pin down a confirmed example, making the Nouchy and Depeyroux references the more reliable anchors for attribution.