Denier - Charlemagne Tours mint

This issue predates Charlemagne's monetary reform of 793–794, which scrapped the lighter Merovingian weight standard and introduced the heavier denier at roughly 1.7g — making coins of this earlier type survivors of a deliberately obsolete system. Tours operated as one of the more productive Carolingian mints, benefiting from its position on pilgrimage and trade routes through the Loire valley. The reform was sweeping enough that pre-reform deniers were largely called in and restruck, which accounts for the genuine scarcity of this type in any grade.