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Denier - Charlemagne Saint Dionysius monastery
| Issuer | Unified Carolingian Empire |
|---|---|
| Year | 793-812 |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Shape | Round (irregular) |
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| Obverse description | Log in to see details |
|---|---|
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| Obverse lettering | ✠ CΛRLVS REX FR (Translation: Charles, king of the Franks.) |
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| Reverse script | Latin |
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| Additional information |
This denier belongs to the reform coinage Charlemagne introduced around 793–794, when he overhauled the Frankish monetary system by increasing the silver content and weight standard of the penny — a reform so consequential it set the template for Western European coinage for the next four centuries. The Saint-Denis attribution places production at or under the authority of the abbey north of Paris, one of the wealthiest ecclesiastical mints operating under royal charter in this period.
The Prou gap is telling. Pieces attributable to this specific type were either overlooked or incompletely documented in that corpus, leaving Gariel and Morrison as the more reliable anchors for attribution.