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Denier - Andrew III

Issuer Hungary
Year 1290-1301
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Value Denier (Denár) (1)
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Obverse description Facing crowned bust of King Andrew III with long flowing hair, rendered in a stylised, archaic manner characteristic of late Árpád-dynasty coinage. The crown is depicted with prominent crenellations above the royal head. The initials A and D (Andreas Dux or Andreas Rex) appear in the field to either side of the effigy. The portrait is enclosed within a beaded or linear inner border, with the irregular flan typical of hammered medieval coinage.
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Obverse lettering A D
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Andrew III, the last of the Árpád dynasty, came to the throne in 1290 amid competing claims from the Angevins of Naples, who never stopped pressing their case during his entire reign. His death in 1301 without a male heir extinguished a royal line that had ruled Hungary for over three centuries, and the Angevin claimant Charles Robert eventually prevailed. Deniers struck under Andrew circulated through a kingdom under constant dynastic siege, and the production volume reflects a functioning royal mint despite the political instability.

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