Denier - Andrew III

Andrew III, the last of the Árpád dynasty, came to the throne in 1290 contested by both Croatian and Neapolitan claimants who argued his legitimacy through his Italian mother. His eleven-year reign was a sustained rearguard action against baronial fragmentation, and his death in 1301 without a male heir ended over four centuries of Árpád rule — triggering the Angevin succession that fundamentally restructured the Hungarian kingdom. Coins from his reign circulated through a nobility increasingly operating as autonomous regional powers.