Amiri Dinar - al-Muqtadir

Al-Muqtadir came to the throne at thirteen years old following the brief, murdered reign of al-Muktafi, and his twenty-four years as caliph were marked by catastrophic fiscal mismanagement — treasury reserves accumulated under previous caliphs were exhausted within years, partly through court extravagance and partly through the costs of suppressing repeated military rebellions. He was deposed twice, restored twice, and finally killed by his own troops in 932. Dinars issued under his name span the full arc of Abbasid decline from solvent empire to hollow institution.

The light weight of this piece — well below the classic 4.25g mithqal standard — reflects the chronic bullion shortages and weight manipulations documented across his reign's later issues.