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Æ19 - Augustus ΣΟΦΟΚΛΗΣ ΤΙΜΟΞΕΝΟΥ ΕΙΡΑΝΑ
| Issuer | Cos (Conventus of Halicarnassus) |
|---|---|
| Year | 10 BC - 10 AD |
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| Weight | 5.59 g |
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| Obverse description | Bare laureate head of Augustus facing right, rendered in the Hellenistic civic tradition of the eastern mints. The portrait displays the characteristic Augustan idealized features with a laurel wreath crowning the brow. The Greek legend ΣΕΒΑΣΤΟΣ ΚΩΙΩΝ encircles the effigy, identifying the emperor and the issuing city of Cos. The flan is slightly irregular, typical of provincial bronze coinage of this period. |
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| Reverse description | Diademed bust of Eirene (personification of Peace) facing right, with an olive branch positioned in the field before her, serving as her principal attribute. The magistrate's name and patronymic together with the deity's name appear in the surrounding Greek legend: ΣΟΦΟΚΛΗΣ ΤΙΜΟΞΕΝΟΥ ΕΙΡΑΝΑ, identifying the issuing magistrate Sophokles son of Timoxenos. The depiction of Eirene reflects the Augustan ideology of the Pax Romana, particularly resonant in the eastern Greek-speaking provinces. |
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| Additional information |
The magistrate name ΣΟΦΟΚΛΗΣ ΤΙΜΟΞΕΝΟΥ appears on a small group of Coan bronzes datable to the Augustan reorganization of the Asian conventus system, when local civic coinage was increasingly tied to Roman administrative structures. Cos held particular status in this period — Augustus granted the island significant privileges, partly in recognition of its long-standing medical tradition and its Asclepion. The eponymous magistrate format used here reflects Coan civic pride in maintaining Greek institutional forms under Roman oversight.