1 Rouble Vladikavkaz

The Vladikavkaz Branch of the State Bank issued these rouble notes during one of the most chaotic stretches of the Russian Civil War, when the North Caucasus was passing between Bolshevik, White Army, and independent regional control in rapid succession. Local branch issues of this kind emerged precisely because central supply lines for currency had broken down entirely — Vladikavkaz was effectively printing its own money out of administrative necessity, not monetary policy.

P#S599A falls within the broader category of South Russia emergency issues, a field notorious for forgeries and misattributions. The distinction between genuine branch-issued notes and later reproductions rewards close attention to paper texture and ink strike.