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1 Pfennig - Johannes II Bertkow
| Issuer | Bishopric of Dorpat |
|---|---|
| Year | 1473-1485 |
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| Thickness | 0.5 mm |
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| Obverse description | Central field dominated by a fleur-de-lis motif, rendered in a stylized Gothic manner characteristic of Livonian ecclesiastical coinage of the late 15th century. The design is surrounded by a circular legend in Latin uncial script reading IOHANES · EPS ·, identifying the issuing bishop Johannes (Episcopus). The flan is irregular and slightly convex, typical of hammered billon coinage of the period. Granular decorative elements flank the central device, adding texture to the otherwise plain field. The overall strike is uneven, consistent with the artisanal production methods of the Dorpat mint. |
|---|---|
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| Obverse lettering | IOHANES · EPS · (Translation: Johannes Episcopus Johannes, Bishop) |
| Reverse description | Central field displays a small cross or heraldic device surrounded by pellet ornaments arranged in a circular composition, characteristic of late medieval Livonian pfennig coinage. The surrounding legend in Latin uncial script reads MONETA · TAR ·, an abbreviated reference to Moneta Darpatensis, identifying this as the coinage of Dorpat. The strike is shallow and irregular across the flan, reflecting the hammered technique employed at the Dorpat mint. The field surface shows natural die wear and slight double-striking, consistent with hand-produced ecclesiastical coinage of the 1473–1485 period. Pellet stops punctuate the legend, a common stylistic convention in Baltic regional coinage of this era. |
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