1 Pfennig - Bernhard von Spanheim Landstrass

Bernhard von Spanheim ruled Carinthia for over five decades, an unusually long tenure that coincided with the high-water mark of the Spanheim dynasty's influence across the southeastern Alpine duchies. His minting activity at Landstrass — today Kostanjevica na Krki in Slovenia — reflects the proliferation of local ecclesiastical and secular coinage that characterized the fragmented monetary environment of 13th-century German-speaking lands. Small silver pfennigs of this type rarely survive without significant wear; they circulated hard in a regional economy where such fractions were genuinely useful.