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1 Kasu - Achyutaraya

Issuer Vijayanagara, Empire of
Year 1530-1542
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Shape Round (irregular)
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Obverse description Central device depicting the Gandabherunda, the mythical two-headed eagle emblem of the Vijayanagara Empire, shown facing with wings spread and displayed in low relief against a plain field. The bird's twin heads are turned outward and the spread wings are rendered in a stylized, archaic manner typical of Vijayanagara copper coinage. The coin's irregular flan edge is characteristic of hammered production of the period.
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Reverse description Reverse bearing a multi-line Nagari (Devanagari) inscription arranged in two horizontal registers separated by a plain line, referencing the issuing ruler Achyutaraya. The legend is boldly incuse within a squared panel, with characters rendered in the angular style typical of Vijayanagara copper kasu issues. The flan edges are irregular and slightly scalloped due to the hammered striking technique.
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Achyutaraya's reign was politically turbulent from the outset — he took the throne only after his brother Krishnadevaraya's death left a succession dispute that factions at court attempted to exploit. Copper kasu production during this period was largely decentralized, with regional governors and subordinate chiefs operating their own striking facilities under imperial sanction, which accounts for the considerable variation in fabric and flan quality seen across surviving examples.

KM#17 is among the more frequently encountered Achyutaraya coppers, though attribution in the field remains complicated by the dynasty's habit of reusing iconographic types across multiple reigns.

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