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1 Fiorino di Camera - Alexander VI
| Issuer | Papal States |
|---|---|
| Year | 1492-1503 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Obverse description | Central field dominated by the papal arms of Alexander VI (Rodrigo Borgia), featuring a quartered shield displaying the Borgia bull passant in the lower quarters and horizontal bars in the upper quarters, surmounted by the papal tiara and crossed keys of Saint Peter. The shield is set within an ornate cartouche with foliate detailing. The circumferential legend in Gothic lettering reads ALEXANDER VI PONT MAX, running along the beaded border. |
|---|---|
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| Mintage | ND (1492-1503) |
| Additional information |
Alexander VI — Rodrigo Borgia — held the papacy through bribery of the College of Cardinals so brazen that contemporaries documented it openly. The fiorino di camera was the prestige gold coinage of the papal treasury, used primarily for large transactions and diplomatic payments rather than ordinary commerce, which partly explains why survivors tend to appear in better condition than their secular counterparts.
The Fr#31a designation separates this from the more common Berman#529 die grouping by subtle differences in the papal titulature abbreviation — a distinction that matters considerably to series specialists.