1/2 Kharub - Abdulaziz and Muhammad III

This issue falls within the period of Ottoman-Tunisian bey rule when Muhammad III as-Sadiq held effective administrative authority under nominal Ottoman suzerainty — a political arrangement that was already under severe strain from French creditor pressure that would eventually produce the 1869 bankruptcy of the Tunisian state. The copper fractional coinage of this era was produced primarily for local market use, as silver and gold denominations handled larger transactions.

KM#154 is a short-lived type, issued across only a narrow window of the joint reign attribution.